Submissions

How to Submit Articles to The World of Food Science

Style Guide
The World of Food Science is an IUFoST online journal that includes contributions from correspondents and food science colleagues around the world. The site operates under the authorship of IUFoST. The World of Food Science is for and about the global food industry and related fields. Its purpose is to inform the world community of food scientists and technologists and those interested in the promotion of a safe and sufficient food supply through timely news, business activities, regulatory measures, government policies, scientific advances, regional reports, product development, consumer trends and association conference schedules.

Comments, suggestions and editorial contributions including technical articles, food industry developments, association news and press releases may be directed to The World of Food Science, IUFoST, at wfs.submissions@iufost.org

Editorial Purpose
Its aim is to promote the scientific and technical aspects of international food production, distribution, preparation and marketing of the food industry and to provide current information to all food science professionals and those involved in the industry. The dynamic nature of The World of Food Science is reflected in its changing face as news breaks and issues arise that affect the global community of food science and technology.

Types of Articles
Articles for publication in The World of Food Science may be original research reports; regional reports; symposia papers; or articles about new products, equipment, techniques, ingredients, regulations, educational developments, marketing trends, or events of historical significance. They may also be opinions or commentaries on current events that affect the food industry or food technologists.  Events listings may be submitted also.

Criteria for Acceptance
To be considered for publication, an article must report on a significant development; have a direct bearing on food, or be of interest to the food industry; include sufficient data to support claims and/or conclusions.

Other reasons besides quality and scientific merit, however, affect the decision to accept or reject an article. Among these are the amount of space available, the quality of other articles competing for that space, the mix of articles desired, and the expected degree of interest to the audience. For these reasons, an article that otherwise meets the criteria enumerated above may occasionally be rejected.

Length
The preferred minimum length for articles is about 2,000 words or two printed pages, including all photographs, figures, tables, and references. There is no maximum length for articles. However, articles of excessive length will be sent back to the author to be shortened.

Copyright & Electronic Copyright
Original papers accepted for publication become the  property of the publisher, IUFoST, who holds the copyright. Copyright laws prohibit reproduction by anyone, including authors, without permission. Requests for permission to reproduce material should be directed to The World of Food Science, IUFoST, at wfs.submissions@iufost.org.

With prior permission as above,  articles and information contained in The World of Food Science may be reproduced with full acknowledgement of the authors and the publication.  Please inform the publisher (wfs.submissions@iufost.org) and provide details of when and where the material is to be reproduced.

Sequence of Events
Each submitted manuscript goes through the following steps:

•  _{Review. The manuscript is sent members of the editorial board for review.}
•  _{Revision. If the reviewers recommend publication after minor revision, the manuscript is either sent back to the author for revision or revised by one of the editors. If the reviewers recommend publication only after major revision, the manuscript is returned to the author for revision. The revised and resubmitted manuscript may be sent back to the reviewers for checking.}
•  _{Editing. Once the manuscript is accepted, it is edited to make sure that grammar and punctuation are correct, ideas are expressed clearly, no ambiguities exist, and no obvious scientific errors exist.}
•  _{Author Approval. The edited manuscript is then sent to the author for any necessary clarification and approval. At this stage, the author may make any further changes desired. This is the author's last contact with the manuscript prior to publication; no proofs are sent to the author.} 

Preparation of Manuscript
The World of Food Science accepts only electronic submission of manuscripts. The manuscript should be typed using any of the major word processing programs (Microsoft Word is preferred) or ASCII. The electronic version may be submitted by to The World of Food Science, IUFoST, at wfs.submissions@iufost.org.

Arrange the article in the following order: title page, text, references, acknowledgments, tables, figure captions, and figures.

Title Page
Include the following information on the title page:

• _{Title. Make the title brief but long enough to accurately describe the contents of the article and be useful for information retrieval.}
• _{Subtitle or Abstract. Include a short subtitle or abstract to briefly describe the article in more detail. This subtitle is not considered part of the title and is not used for information retrieval.}
• _{Authors' Byline. Include the names of all the authors, capitalizing only the initial letters. Spell out first names, if desired. Do not include academic degrees after the name. Indicate whether the author has an association with IUFoST (member of national adhering body, member or past member of an IUFoST working group, Fellow of the Academy, for example.}
• _{Authors' Affiliation and Location. State each author's title and affiliation, including location; e.g., Author Smith, an  IUFoST Fellow, is President, Clinch Co., Minneapolis, MN, USA. Author Jones is Research Scientist, Verona, Inc., Rome, Italy.}
•  _{Telephone and E-Mail. At the bottom of the page, indicate each author's telephone number and E-mail address. These numbers will not be published unless indicated by author.}

Text
Divide the article into sections and suggest headings ("sideheads") that briefly describe the contents of each section.

Indicate subsections, if any, within these sections by numbers, letters, bullets (dots), or bullets followed by one or more words. These subsections should be preceded by a paragraph indent, and subsequent lines should begin at the left margin (as in this paragraph). Use only left justification.

Enumerate items within a paragraph with numbers (or lowercase letters) within parentheses; e.g., There are three types of preservation methods: (1) drying, (2) canning, and (3) freezing. Use footnotes only in tables, not in the text.

References in Text
Cite references in the text in the following ways:

1. With the last name of the author as part of the sentence, immediately followed by the year of publication in parentheses; e.g., Smith (1963) reported growth on media.
2. With last name of author and year of publication in parentheses, usually at the end of a sentence; e.g., The starch granules are normally elongated in the milk stage (Brown, 1956).

If there are two authors, cite both names; e.g., Smith and Jones (1986). If there are three or more authors, use the name of the first author followed by "et al."; e.g., Smith et al. (1966).

Use commas to separate publications by the same author and semicolons to separate publications by different authors (e.g., Robbins, 1982a, b; Thomas, 1986, 1987a, b; Vygantas, 1988).

Trade Names
Trade names may be cited in the text of the article but not in the title. They should only be used the first time the item is mentioned. Place the appropriate trademark symbol (^TM or ®) as a superscript following the name. Capitalize only the first letter of the trade name unless it is an acronym. Place the name and location (city and state) of the manufacturer in parentheses following the first mention of the trade name. Capitalize only the first letter of each word in the company name, unless it is an acronym.

Equations
Begin typing equations at the left margin. Type the equation in a straight line rather than stacked. If the equation runs more than one line, align the runover lines to the right of the equal sign. Distinguish between the number "one" (1) and the letter "el" (l), and between "zero" (0) and the capital letter "oh" (O).

Number all equations. Type the equation number in italic numerals within parentheses at the right margin of the final line of the equation.

Refer to equations by the abbreviation "Eq."

List of References
Begin references on a new page. Type "References" at the left margin, capitalizing only the R; do not underline the word. Begin each reference at the left margin, and indent subsequent lines. Type all references double-spaced.

Make sure that each reference cited in the text is included in the reference list and that each reference in the list has been cited in the text; also that the names are spelled correctly in both the text and the reference list.

Include personal communications, unpublished manuscripts, and unpublished data in the list of references, with the author's affiliation and location; e.g., Smith, A. 1985. P ersonal communication. Univ. of London, London, UK

Arrange the references in alphabetical order. More than one paper by the same author (or authors) should be arranged in chronological order, except that papers by a single author should precede papers by two authors, which should in turn precede papers by three or more authors. Papers by three or more authors should be listed chronologically as though the authors were "Smith et al.," regardless of the first author's first initial; e.g., Smith, R., Jones, B., and Artz, W. 1958. would precede Smith, A., Artz, W., and Spiegal, V. 1967.

Type each reference in the following order: author(s), year, title, and bibliographic citation. See examples at end of this style guide.

• _{Author. List all authors for each reference; do not use "et al." Surnames should precede initials; given names should not be spelled out. When the author is not indicated, "Anonymous" (not abbreviated) should be used. Organizations and government agencies may be cited as authors: e.g., USDA, FAO, IUFoST.}
• _{Year. Use lowercase letters a, b, c, etc., following the year to distinguish among different publications by the same author(s) in any one year; e.g., Johnson, R. 1990a .}
• _{Title and Bibliographic Information. Titles of publications in languages other than English should be given in the original language, where possible, using the English alphabet; transliterations or translations are acceptable for references originally in other alphabets.}

For article and chapter titles, capitalize only the first word and any proper nouns. For book titles, capitalize all nouns and put the title within quotation marks. Do not underline the title. Italicize only those words that were underlined or italicized in the original, such as names of microorganisms.

• _{A book title should be followed by the names of the editors, if any, and the name and location of the publisher.}
• _{A chapter title should be followed by "Chpt. in" and the book title, names of editors, inclusive page numbers of the chapter, and the name and location of the publisher.}
• _{A journal article title should be followed by the name of the journal, volume number, issue number in parentheses, colon, space, and all page numbers of the referenced item, not just the first page (e.g., Trends in Food Science 45(10): 86-88, 90 ). If the pages in the journal are numbered consecutively throughout the volume, omit the issue number. The name of the journal should be abbreviated. Retain the original word order when abbreviating, but omit articles, conjunctions, and prepositions, unless they are necessary for clarity. Do not abbreviate journal names consisting of a single word, or personal names when they begin a journal name. Do not underline or italicize the name of the journal.}

Papers accepted for publication but not yet published should show the journal name followed by "In press." Do not list articles as "Submitted for publication" to a particular journal, because they might not be accepted by that journal; instead, list them as "Unpublished manuscript" and give the affiliation and location of the author.

Papers presented at scientific meetings but not published should indicate the date and location of the meeting and name of the sponsoring organization or the organization from which a copy can be obtained.

Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments to others for assistance, etc., should be brief. Place acknowledgments after the list of references, separated from it by a rule. Do not include a heading.

If the article was based on a paper presented during a meeting, cite the meeting name, location, date, and sponsoring organization;

If the article is a contribution from an agricultural experiment station, give the credit here; e.g., Journal Series Paper No. 13467 from the University of Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station.

The name of the editor who edited the article will be printed at the end of the article.

Tables
Do not repeat the same data in the text and in tables, or in both tables and figures.

Do not type tables in the body of the text. Instead, place them after the acknowledgments.

Type each table on a separate page. If it is necessary to continue a table on another page, type "(continued)" at the bottom of the first page of the table and "(Table 1, continued)" at the top of the subsequent page(s).

Number tables in Arabic numerals. The table number should be followed by a one-em dash (-), not a period, and a descriptive title. The table should be self-explanatory without reference to the text.

Do not use vertical lines in tables.

Capitalize only the first letter of the first word in column headings.

If the unit of measurement is the same for all data in a particular column, place the unit in parentheses under the column heading. Indicate footnotes by superscript letters, not numbers or symbols, assigned in alphabetical order from left to right and top to bottom.

Use superscript or regular letters, not asterisks, to indicate statistical significance.

Figures
Submit figures that are professional in appearance and illustrate the point being made. Do not repeat the same data in both tables and figures.

Photographs
Submit color or black-and-white photos of professional quality. Photos must be at minimum 72 dpi in a gif or jpeg format. Author may send 300dpi TIFF if necessary. Send not only photos that are specifically referred to in the article, but also color photos that can be used as general illustrations.

Charts and Graphs
Submit art work for charts and graphs or photographs of them. The charts and graphs should be clear, easy to read, and professional in appearance. Use sans-serif type if available. Avoid using typewritten lettering. Dot-matrix illustrations do not reproduce well and should be redrawn. Capitalize only the first letter of the first word and words that are normally capitalized. Abbreviate the units of measurement (without periods after the abbreviation) and place them in parentheses after the label. Center the labeling along the axis.

For lettering within the figure, use large enough letters (preferably sans-serif) so that they will be readable after reduction. Capitalize only the first letter of the first word and words that are normally capitalized.

Label each figure with the name of the author and the figure number; put this information in the margin of the drawing or photograph, or on the back if no room is available in the margin.

Captions
Write captions that are self-explanatory without reference to the text. Type the captions for all the figures on the same sheet of paper, separate from the figures (continuing on a subsequent page, if necessary).

For each caption, abbreviate the word Figure as "Fig." and follow it with the figure number.

Thiamine should be spelled thiamin, and vitamins B6 and B12 should be typed as vitamins B-6 and B-12.

How to Submit Manuscripts
The World of Food Science accepts only electronic submission of manuscripts. The manuscript should be typed using any of the major word processing programs (Microsoft Word is preferred) or ASCII. The electronic version may be submitted by to The World of Food Science, wfs.submissions@iufost.org